![]() ![]() These immune-related genes and cells may provide novel insights for immunotherapy in the future. BTK, FGR, PTPN11, and SYK were identified as potential immune diagnostic biomarkers. Meanwhile, a higher proportion of eosinophils, not T cells or B cells, was demonstrated in the specific immune infiltration landscape of MMD.Ĭonclusion: Immune activities and immune cells were actively involved in the progression of MMD. Among 13 immune-related overlapping genes, 4 genes ( BTK, FGR, PTPN11, and SYK) were identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers, where PTPN11 showed the highest specificity and sensitivity. Functional analysis of the core genes was chiefly involved in the immune response, immune system process, protein tyrosine kinase activity, secretory granule, and so on. ![]() The thistle l module was detected as the most significant module associated with MMD. Results: A total of 348 DEGs were screened, including 89 downregulated and 259 upregulated genes. Finally, diagnostic accuracy was verified with ROC curves in the validation dataset GSE157628. Additionally, immune infiltration, using the CIBERSORT deconvolution algorithm, immune-related biomarkers, and the relationship between these genes, was further explored. Next, functional pathways according to GSEA, GO, and KEGG were enriched for the aforementioned core genes obtained from PPI and WGCNA. After performing WGCNA, the most significant module associated with MMD was obtained. Differentially expressed gene and PPI analysis were performed. Methods: GSE189993 and GSE141022 were downloaded from the GEO database. Objective: This study aimed to identify immune infiltration characteristics and new immunological diagnostic biomarkers in the cerebrovascular tissue of moyamoya disease (MMD) using bioinformatics analysis. 2Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.1Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.Lei Cao 1 †, Yunzheng Ai 2 †, Yang Dong 1, Dongpeng Li 1, Hao Wang 1, Kaiwen Sun 1, Chenchao Wang 1, Manxia Zhang 1, Dongming Yan 1, Hongwei Li 1*, Guobiao Liang 2* and Bo Yang 1*
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